Feasibility of reducing perioperative radiography -- analysis of risk factors for internal fixation loosening after closed reduction and internal fixation with Kirschner wire for supracondylar fracture of the humerus in children / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective:To explore the necessity of perioperative radiography by analyzing the risk factors for internal fixation loosening after closed reduction and internal fixation with Kirschner wire for supra-condylar fracture of the humerus in children.Methods:Retrospectively analyzed were the 502 patients with supracondylar fracture of the humerus who had been treated at Department of Orthopedics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University by closed reduction and internal fixation with Kirschner wire from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021. There were 307 boys and 195 girls, with an age of (60.0±27.2) months. There were 224 Gartland type Ⅱ supracondylar fractures and 278 Gartland type Ⅲ supracondylar fractures. Follow-ups revealed internal fixation loosening in 52 cases (set as a loosening group) and no internal fixation loosening in the other 460 cases (set as a non-loosening group). The angles between Kirschner wires (angle 1 and angle 2), the effective fixation ratios of the Kirschner wire (ratio 1, ratio 2, and ratio 3), the metaphyseal shaft angle α, and the distal anteversion angle of the humerus β were measured on the perioperative and postoperative elbow X-ray films and compared. Other data affecting the internal fixation loosening were collected. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for internal fixation loosening after closed reduction and internal fixation of supracondylar fracture of the humerus. Results:There were no significant differences between the intraoperative and postoperative data in the angle 1 or angle 2 between Kirschner wires (26.58°±14.22° versus 26.75°±10.70°; 41.85°±8.67° versus 41.31°±7.79°), the effective fixation ratio 1, 2 or 3 of Kirschner wire (0.904±0.182 versus 0.887±0.206; 0.897±0.119 versus 0.895±0.142; 0.890±0.035 versus 0.889±0.076), the metaphyseal shaft angle α (86.25°±2.74° versus 85.52°±1.86°), or the distal anteversion angle of the humerus β (31.04°±0.97° versus 29.54°±0.45°) (all P>0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that fracture site ( P=0.032), fracture classification ( P=0.041) and postoperative infection ( P=0.004) were the risk factors for internal fixation loosening. Conclusions:As supracondylar fractures of the humerus remain stable in the perioperative period with little risk of fracture displacement or internal fixation loosening after closed reduction and internal fixation with Kirschner wire, postoperative radiography is not necessary. The risks for internal fixation loosening are positively correlated with fracture site, fracture type and postoperative infection.

Self-reported hair loss and its influencing factors among universitystudents in Hangzhou City / 预防医学

Objective@#To investigate the status of hair loss and analyze the influencing factors among university students in Hangzhou City, so as to provide insights into the management of hair loss among university students.@*Methods@#University students were recruited using a convenient sampling method from 4 universities in Hangzhou City in June 2021. The basic characteristics and life styles were collected using online questionnaire surveys. Self-reported hair loss was evaluated using the grading scales for loss of hair (Hamilton-Norwood scale for males and modified Ludwig scale for females), and factors affecting self-reported hair loss were identified among university students using the multivariable logistic regression model. @*Results@#A total of 1 060 questionnaires were allocated, and 1 038 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 97.92%. The respondents included 391 males ( 37.67% ) and 647 females ( 62.33% ), and 463 respondents ( 44.61% ) reported hair loss, including 431 students with mild hair loss ( 93.09% ). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that university students in their fourth or fifth years ( OR=1.721, 95%CI: 1.126-2.630 ), art specialty ( OR=0.411, 95%CI: 0.207-0.816 ), overweight or obesity (OR=1.685, 95%CI: 1.050-2.704), diet taste ( sweet: OR=2.131, 95%CI: 1.370-3.316; spicy: OR=1.510, 95%CI: 1.028-2.218; greasy: OR=3.023, 95%CI: 2.015-4.537 ), feeling nervous/anxious (occasionally: OR=1.891, 95%CI: 1.087-3.289; frequently: OR=2.487, 95%CI: 1.337-4.626 ), smoking ( occasionally: OR=1.906, 95%CI: 1.067-3.405; frequently: OR=1.983, 95%CI: 1.050-3.746), family history of hair loss ( OR=1.506, 95%CI: 1.075-2.110 ), perming/dyeing hair ( occasionally: OR=1.795, 95%CI: 1.280-2.517; frequently: OR=3.282, 95%CI: 1.736-6.204), self-perceived oily hair/scalp in the past three months (slightly increased: OR=1.980, 95%CI: 1.477-2.653; significantly increased: OR=5.347, 95%CI: 2.956-9.670) were factors affecting self-reported hair loss among university students.@*Conclusion@#The proportion of self-reported hair loss was 44.61% among university students in Hangzhou City, and hair loss was predominantly mild. A family history of hair loss, nervousness/anxiety, diet habits, smoking and frequency of perm/dyeing hair may affect hair loss among university students.

Clinical effect of methylprednisolone combined with methotrexate in the treatment of Graves ' ophthalmopathy / 中国基层医药

Objective The effect and application value of the treatment of Graves eye disease were discussed.Methods 82 patients with Graves ophthalmopathy were divided into observation group and control group by random number method . The control group was given hormone therapy , the observation group was given methylprednisolone combined with methotrexate therapy .The clinical effect was compared between the two groups . Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 87.80％,which was significantly higher than 68.29％of the control group(χ2 =4.555,P<0.05).After treatment,the thyroid volume,eye level of the observation group were (24.68 ±1.25) g,(17.13 ±1.01) mm,respectively,which of the control group were (28.84 ±2.89) g, (18.79 ±2.12)mm,respectively,and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (t=8.459, 4.526,all P<0.05).In the observation group,there were 2 cases of diabetes,1 case of hypertension,4 cases of insomnia,4 cases with digestive tract.In the control group,1 case of diabetes,2 cases of hypertension,5 cases of insomnia,3 cases of gastrointestinal tract ,and the differences between the two groups were not statistically significant (χ2 =0.346,0.346,0.124,0.156,all P>0.05).Conclusion Methylprednisolone combined with methotrexate in the treatment of Graves ophthalmopathy can improve the treatment effect , reduce the degree of exophthalmus and thyroid volume,and without increase in adverse reactions ,it is worthy of popularization and application in clinic .

Protective effects of Modified Qing'e Pill on myocardial tissue in type 2 diabetic rats / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM:T observe the effects of Modified Qing'e Pill on glucolipid metabolism and myocardium function in type 2 diabetic rats.METHODS:Seventy-two healthy similar weighted SD rats were randomly divided into six groups:the normal group,the model group,low dose group (2.7 g/kg),middle dose group (5.4 g/kg),high dose group (10.8 g/kg) and Metformin group (0.15 g/kg).Model of Diabetes mellitus was set by "high fat diet" + " intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) " All groups received intragastric administration once per day for eight weeks.Groups of Modified Qing'e Pill and Metformin group were given the corresponding dose of drugs,while the normal and model groups were given the same volume of saline.At the fixed time points (pre-administration,the 4th week,the 8th week),the mental state,the weight of the rats,the FBG and 2PBG of rats were observed and detected;2 h after the end of administration,relevant indicators (HbA1 c,LDL,HDL,TG,TC,hs-CRP,TNF-α) in serum and the relevant indicators (MDA,SOD,GSH) in myocardial tissue were determined.RESULTS:Compared with the model group,mental state,weight,blood glucose and lipid levels were all improved of rats in the administration group.Also,Modified Qing'e Pill could reduce the levels of hs-CRP and TNF-α in serum,increase the content of SOD and GSH in myocardium and decrease the content of MDA in myocardium.CONCLUSION:Modified Qing'e Pill can improve the glucose and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats,and protect myocardial tissue from injury through anti-inflammation and antioxidation.

The demand-side investigation of undergraduate talents training for health management major / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objectives To understand the current situation and evaluation about the employer's demand of knowledge level and comprehensive ability of professional undergraduate talents in the health management. Methods Using self-designed questionnaire, the investigation was carried out on the company executives and teachers from 12 health management-related enterprises where health management graduates of Hangzhou Normal University practice internships . A total of 31 valid questionnaires were recovered . SPSS 19.0 software was used to conduct descriptive analysis, hierarchical analysis and rank-sum test of one-way ordinal data. Results Employers believe that students need to strengthen the knowledge of health man-agement and medical knowledge, and the top three skills that students are most likely to improve are common disease management skills, health risk factors intervention skills and health monitoring skills. Amongst those areas of professional abilities that need improving, three of the most important skill sets include suffi-cient fundamental knowledge in medicine and pharmacology, analytical and problem-solving abilities and teamwork as well as communication skills. There is a significant difference among the level of students' pro-fessional knowledge, the level of their professional skills and the level of their comprehensive ability by the rank-sum test (P<0.05). Conclusion According to the results of the demand-side's survey, training of health management undergraduate talents should increase the proportion of teaching about medical theory knowledge, redesign practical teaching modules, carry out foreign language learning as well as promoting the training method of health talents by the means of information, in order to optimize the training of profes-sional health talents through multi-angle as well as multi-level.

Aggregation of health industry factors and policy innovation attempts based on the practice of ;Healthy Towns in Tonglu / 中华医院管理杂志

Authors of the paper analyzed the motivation of building the healthy town,and interrelated the scientific aspects of such a town. It was found that this town of diversified resources and advantages had become small but beautiful,special and strong clustering and convergent by means of collecting high-end factors, selecting of essential health businesses and constructing an ecosystem of health industry clusters. Based on a definition of the government role,the paper described the innovation of health policy in view of policy supply.

Dynamical information encoding in neural adaptation.

Adaptation refers to the general phenomenon that a neural system dynamically adjusts its response property according to the statistics of external inputs. In response to a prolonged constant stimulation, neuronal firing rates always first increase dramatically at the onset of the stimulation; and afterwards, they decrease rapidly to a low level close to background activity. This attenuation of neural activity seems to be contradictory to our experience that we can still sense the stimulus after the neural system is adapted. Thus, it prompts a question: where is the stimulus information encoded during the adaptation? Here, we investigate a computational model in which the neural system employs a dynamical encoding strategy during the neural adaptation: at the early stage of the adaptation, the stimulus information is mainly encoded in the strong independent firings; and as time goes on, the information is shifted into the weak but concerted responses of neurons. We find that short-term plasticity, a general feature of synapses, provides a natural mechanism to achieve this goal. Furthermore, we demonstrate that with balanced excitatory and inhibitory inputs, this correlation-based information can be read out efficiently. The implications of this study on our understanding of neural information encoding are discussed.

The correlation analysis between insulin resistance,inflammation factors and cognitive dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective To explore the correlation between insulin resistance,inflammation factors and cognitive dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS).Methods 150 cases of patients with MS were chosen,and they were divided into group A1 (n=68) and group A2 (n=82) according to whether they were with mild cognitive dysfunction (MCI).50 healthy cases chosen from physical examination were set as group B.The general data,laboratory examination results and inflammatory factor levels were compared between each group.MCI was set as dependent variable,insulin sensitivity index(ISI),high sensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were set as independent variables.The relationship between inflammatory factor,insulin resistance and MCI was analyzed with multiple factors logistic regression analysis.Results The difference of body mass index(BMI),total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),low density lipoprotein (LDL),highdensity lipoprotein (HDL),fasting blood glucose(FBG),hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c),fasting insulin (FINS),and ISI between the three groups had statistical significance (P＜0.05).The levels of HbAlc in group A1 and group A2 were significantly higher than those in group B (P＜0.05).FBG and FINS showed a trend of reduce among the three groups,while ISI showed a trend of increase.The difference had statistical significance between each group (P＜0.05).The difference of hs-CRP,TNF-α between the three groups had statistical significance (P＜0.05).Levels of hs-CRP and TNF-α in group A1 were significantly higher than those in group A2 and group B,while the levels of hs-CRP and TNF-α in A2 group was significantly higher than those in group B (P＜0.05).Point biserial correlation analysis showed that the risk of MCI for MS patients had positive correlation with FBG,FINS,hs-CRP and TNF-α(r=0.219,0.231,0.309 and 0.287,P＜0.05),while it had negative correlation(r=-0.294,P＜0.05) with ISI.Multiariable logistic regression analysis showed that the more severe of insulin resistance (the lower ISI),the higher of inflammatory factor hs-CRP and TN-o,the greater the risk of MCI in patients with MS.Conclusion Insulin resistance and inflammation degree are more obvious in patients with MS combined with MCI,which can predict risk of cognitive dysfunction in patients with MS.

Improvement of Physiological Characteristic of Selenium-Enriched Candida utilis with Amino Acids Addition.

The effects of amino acids addition on cell growth, glutathione biosynthesis, glutathione distribution, and the intracellular oxidation-reduction environment of Candida utilis SZU 07-01 during selenium enrichment were investigated in this study. Most amino acids under appropriate concentrations have positive effects on cell growth of the yeast strain, except for phenylalanine and proline, compared with the control without amino acid addition. The bioconversion of selenite to organic selenium induced the reduction of glutathione synthesis and intracellular distribution of glutathione. However, amino acids including cysteine, glutamine, glutamic acid, isoleucine, leucine, and tyrosine could effectively promote the selenium-enriched yeast to elevate glutathione production, especially increasing the intracellular glutathione content. Moreover, addition of these six different amino acids apparently decreased malondialdehyde concentration and recovered the normal intracellular redox environment of the selenium-enriched C. utilis SZU 07-01. The improvement of physiological characteristic of the selenium-enriched yeast by increasing intracellular glutathione content and lowering malondialdehyde content will undoubtedly help to widen application of selenium-enriched yeast as food or feed additives.

Hysteresis phenomena of the intelligent driver model for traffic flow.

We present hysteresis phenomena of the intelligent driver model for traffic flow in a circular one-lane roadway. We show that the microscopic structure of traffic flow is dependent on its initial state by plotting the fraction of congested vehicles over the density, which shows a typical hysteresis loop, and by investigating the trajectories of vehicles on the velocity-over-headway plane. We find that the trajectories of vehicles on the velocity-over-headway plane, which usually show a hysteresis loop, include multiple loops. We also point out the relations between these hysteresis loops and the congested jams or high-density clusters in traffic flow.

Expression of human proinsulin gene in non-?-cells by point mutation with concise PCR / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

The human proinsulin gene was introduced a cleanage site for furin with two point mutation by polymerase chain reaction. The mutated gene was subcloned to the retroviral vector, and transferred into HepG2 hepatocarcinoma cells. Mature insulin can be expressed and secreted into supernatant by transferred HepG2 cells. The site mutation method is concise and with no misproduction.